Wind turbines (WTGs) offer a wide range of input data to cover any use case. Input data varies between Shoreline Design Construction and Shoreline Design O&M. This page covers all the available Shoreline Design O&M inputs, describing their use and limitations.
For Construction, see the Wind turbine input data: Construction page.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Members
You will find all WTG names and locations listed here.
Click on a wind turbine name in the list to edit the location, operational start year (when it begins producing energy), and the priority of each instance.
Click Bulk edit to edit the operational start year or priority for all the assets. You can also select individual assets using the checkboxes on the left-hand side of the list to bulk edit the selected assets. Click Update selected or Update all to save your edits.
Click Download layout to download a CSV file of the WTGs and their latitude and longitude.
Add additional WTG instances by clicking + Add instances.
Operational start year
Operation start year (OPS) offers some useful modelling capabilities:
- Manage multiple wind farms that enter operation in different years.
- Model existing wind farms from operational start year, rather than simulation start year. For example:
- Simulation start year: 2023
- Farm 1: OPS 2023
- Starts the simulation with year 1 failure rate
- Farm 2 and 3: OPS 2021
- Start the simulation with the year 3 failure rate.
Parameters
| Parameter | Required | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Rated power | x | Maximum power the WTG can produce. |
| Nacelle | x | Height of the installed nacelle or hub. Used to calculate the local wind speed for any specified restrictions when working on the nacelle. |
| Maximum number of technicians in asset | Number of technicians who can enter the asset at any one time. Used for scheduled and corrective maintenance tasks. Leave this empty or enter | |
| Maximum number of ongoing work orders | Number of simultaneous tasks that technicians can carry out on the asset. | |
| Remarks | Optional comments related to the asset. |
Weather criteria
| Parameter | Required | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Significant wave height operational criteria | Maximum wave height at which the WTG can operate. Above this wave height, the WTG will shut down for safety reasons and not produce power. Create a matrix for more detailed criteria. See the weather matrix page to learn more. Note: Only necessary for floating WTGs. |
Limitations
Create weather-based restrictions for scheduled and corrective maintenance tasks. Add a Wind speed reference height to set the height at which the weather limitation applies.
Limitations created here will be available to select in the Limitations section of all scheduled and corrective maintenance tasks.
Power curve
The power curve is used alongside the weather data applied to the asset in the [Weather tab]() to simulate the WTG’s energy output. Weather data is taken from the weather file’s reference height that is closest to the nacelle height and extrapolated to match the nacelle height using the [wind profile]().
You can import a custom power curve using a CSV file. See the How to create CSV files for import page for details on how to format your file.
Scheduled and corrective maintenance
The maintenance tasks you define here form a critical part of your O&M cases. The main characteristics of scheduled and corrective maintenance tasks are as follows:
- Scheduled maintenance
- Downtime only occurs during repair time.
- Work orders are released with a fixed recurrence.
- The minimum recurrence of the tasks is once a year.
- Specify detailed yearly distributions:
- On all instances of an asset.
- On a fixed percentage of instances.
- Corrective (unscheduled) maintenance
- Downtime can occur from moment of failure, which triggers the creation of a work order.
- Specify curtailment percentages to reduce the downtime of the turbine due to failure.
- Failures follow a specific pattern according to a time-to-failure distribution. You can model failuresby defining lifetime-distribution and failure-intensity parameters:
- Exponential
- Weibull or exponential time series
- Configure corrective maintenance with an HLV or towing vessel to simulate a major component replacement (MCR).
- Downtime can occur from moment of failure, which triggers the creation of a work order.
The resolution of maintenance work orders depends on the availability of vessels and personnel with the required skills. Each task within the work order is defined by the repair time and associated costs.
You can define the required vessel types, limitations, personnel, repair times, and associated costs within the maintenance tabs.
For corrective maintenance, the vessel you select for the task will provide additional parameters.
It is possible to import maintenance tasks using a CSV file if you already have them defined outside the Shoreline platform.
Corrective maintenance for major component replacements
Major component replacements (MCRs) are a specialized type of maintenance work that requires additional parameters to configure within Shoreline.
Create a corrective maintenance task, select an HLV or towing vessel in the Vessel input of the task, and configure the HLV- or towing vessel-specific parameters to model an MCR. If you use a towing vessel, the maintenance task will also require an crane to complete the work.
Scheduled maintenance
| Parameter | Required | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Campaign start date | x | When the scheduled maintenance work orders are released. The simulation counts from this date to the end of the calendar year to resolve the tasks. Any tasks not resolved contribute to an |
| Scheduling | Whether the maintenance is conducted across all instances of the asset at regular intervals or on a fixed percentage of instances per year. | |
| Reccurence | x | Maintenance frequency. The number represents the time between tasks.
Recurrence begins on the first year of wind farm operations, not the simulation start date. |
| Asset percentage | The percentage of assets to which the maintenance task is assigned per year. | |
| Vessel | x | Vessels required for the maintenance task. This includes personnel transportation (COV, SOV or helicopter) and vessels for conducting the maintenance. By default, Any member is checked, meaning any available vessel of this type that you have added to your case will be used for the task. Uncheck Any member to select individual vessels you have added to your case specifically for this task. Choose Remote only to simulate failures that can be reset from the control room. |
| Lead time | x | Note: Only applicable to remote-only tasks. The time the maintenance task remains open. |
| Limitations | Apply a weather limitation to the maintenance task. Weather limitations defined in the Weather criteria tab appear here. | |
| Personnel | x | The skill and number of personnel required to conduct the maintenance task. Select the skills defined here when adding personnel groups in the personnel tab of your case. |
| Person-hours time series | Caution: This is an advanced feature and recommended only for users with training on its use. Check this box to apply per-year person hours for the maintenance task, e.g., year | |
| Total person hours | x | Total hours of work across all personnel involved. |
| Repair time | The total person hours divided by the number of personnel. This equates to the downtime reported due to repairs if no further weather limitations are defined. | |
| Spare part cost | Any costs associated with replacement parts for the maintenance work. | |
| Consumables | Any additional costs associated with the maintenance work. |
Corrective maintenance
The table below details the inputs relevant to all corrective maintenance tasks. There are additional parameters depending on the vessel used. You can find the additional parameters in the relevant section:
General corrective maintenance inputs
| Parameter | Required | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Severity | Critical failure:
Non-critical failure:
| |
| Lifetime distribution | Statistical distribution (Weibull or exponential) of the failure. | |
| Failure rate time series | Applies to exponential distributions. Define the failure rate per year. Leave unchecked if the failure rate is the same every year. | |
| Annual failure rate | x | Constant annual rate of failure. Check This is an advanced feature. We recommend modelling this with a Weibull, instead, unless you have had training on this functionality. |
| Production curtailment from failure | x | Note: Only applicable to critical failures. Percent of energy production lost during failure downtime. |
| Production curtailment during work | Percent of energy production lost during maintenance. | |
| Vessel | x | Vessels required to conduct the maintenance. |
| Spare part costs | Any costs associated with the parts for the maintenance work. | |
| Consumables | Any additional costs associated with the maintenance work. |
CTV-, SOV-, and helicopter-specific inputs
| Parameter | Required | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Personnel | Role and number of personnel in each role required to conduct the maintenance. | |
| Person-hours time series | Set personnel hours required by simulation year, i.e., year 1, year 2, etc. Note: This is an advanced feature that can result in simulation errors when used incorrectly. | |
| Total person-hours | Total number of hours required to conduct the maintenance. | |
| Repair time | Automatically calculated as Total person-hours / Personnel. | |
| Lead time | Time required between the failure occurring and maintenance beginning, for, e.g., parts procurement, transit to wind farm, disconnecting the turbine, etc. |
HLV-specific inputs
For all MCR-specific parameters (from Inspection person-hours down to Finalization time), a dedicated CTV is required in the Logistics section of your case, with the Dedicated tasks parameter checked. No additional personnel are required: the only limitation is the seat capacity on the dedicated CTV.
| Parameter | Required | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Spare part cost | Any costs associated with the parts for the maintenance work. | |
| Consumables | Any additional costs associated with the maintenance work. | |
| Allow scheduled work while waiting | Whether other maintenance work can occur on the asset instance before the corrective maintenance is completed. | |
| Used capacity | x | Amount of the HLV’s capacity required for the task. You can set the vessel capacity on the HLV’s Capacity tab in the Logistics section of your case. |
| Maximum delay at base | x | How long the vessel will wait at base in case new work orders are created and scheduled so they can be bundled. |
| Inspection person-hours | Time required to inspect asset instance condition before preparing replacement parts. Must be greater than | |
| Inspection crew size | Number of personnel required for the inspection. Must be greater than | |
| Inspection time | Automatically calculated as Inspection person-hours / Inspection crew size. | |
| Preparation person-hours | Time required to prepare the replacement parts and conduct preliminary work, e.g., disassembling components, before the main maintenance task. Must be greater than | |
| Preparation crew size | Number of personnel required of the preparation work. Must be greater than | |
| Preparation time | Automatically calculated as Preparation person-hours / Preparation crew size. | |
| Replacement person-hours | Time required to conduct the replacement. Must be greater than Towing vessel-specific inputs Note: A towing vessel requires a crane as a supporting vessel for maintenance tasks. Add the necessary vessels in the Logistics tab of your case. | |
| Replacement crew size | Number of personnel required to conduct the replacement. Must be greater than | |
| Replacement time | Automatically calculated as Replacement person-hours / Replacement crew size. | |
| Finalization person-hours | Time required for finalization work, e.g., placing the housing. Must be greater than | |
| Finalization crew size | Number of personnel required to conduct the finalization work. Must be greater than | |
| Finalization time | Automatically calculated as Finalization person-hours / Finalization crew size. | |
| Lead time | Time required between the failure occurring and maintenance beginning, for, e.g., parts procurement, transit to wind farm, disconnecting the turbine, etc. Must be greater than |
Towing vessel-specific inputs
Note: A towing vessel requires a crane as a supporting vessel for maintenance tasks. Add the necessary vessels in the Logistics tab of your case.
| Parameter | Required | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Allow scheduled work while waiting | Whether other maintenance work can occur on the asset instance before the corrective maintenance is completed. | |
| Repair time | Time taken to complete the maintenance work. | |
| Lead time | Time required between the failure occurring and maintenance beginning, for, e.g., parts procurement, transit to wind farm, disconnecting the turbine, etc. |
Remote-only specific inputs
| Parameter | Required | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Lead time | Response time in the control room between initial alarm and the resetting of the asset. |
Import maintenance tasks
You can import scheduled and corrective maintenance tasks in a single CSV file. Upload the file in either the Scheduled Maintenance or Corrective Maintenance tab.
- Click Import CSV file on either the Scheduled Maintenance or Corrective Maintenance tab.
- Select a Column delimiter and Decimal delimiter option according to how your CSV file is formatted.
- Click Select file.
- Navigate to the file on your computer and double click it.
- Click the Data Mapping tab.
- Map your CSV columns to the Shoreline naming schema by completing the relevant entries under File Column Name.
- If your columns use the same naming conventions as Shoreline, click Reset to default to automatically fill the File Column Name entries.
- Click Import tasks.
Your maintenance tasks will automatically appear in the relevant tabs for your asset.
See our How to create CSV files for import page for information on how to format your file.
Weather
Select the weather data for use in your simulation. Import custom weather data or use ERA5 data provided by Shoreline. See our How to add weather files to a case page for further information.
Power law exponent for wind profile
The power law exponent for wind profile is used to extrapolate the wind speed at different heights. This is useful to measure power output and schedule maintenance across WTGs with varying nacelle heights.
By default, the value is 0.11 on all assets.
You can apply the same value across all assets by clicking Apply everywhere.
Note: Applying the power law everywhere only affects existing assets and will not affect assets added to the case subsequently.